Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a long-term inflammatory condition that affects joints throughout the body. Unlike wear-and-tear joint conditions like osteoarthritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis is driven by the immune system, leading to ongoing inflammation, pain and stiffness. These symptoms can make everyday movement more difficult, particularly during flare-ups.
While there is no cure, effective pain management plays an important role in supporting mobility and quality of life.
What Causes Rheumatoid Arthritis?
Rheumatoid Arthritis is an autoimmune condition. This means the immune system targets healthy joint tissue, causing inflammation in the synovium, the lining of the joints. Over time, this inflammation can damage cartilage and bone, leading to pain, swelling and reduced joint function.
The exact cause of Rheumatoid Arthritis is not fully understood, but there are some potential risk factors including:
- Genetics – you may carry genes that make you more likely to develop it.
- Hormones – Rheumatoid Arthritis affects more women than men and commonly occurs during periods of hormonal changes for women.
- Smoking – you may have an increased risk of Rheumatoid Arthritis if you’re a smoker and it can make symptoms of the condition worse.
Common Symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Symptoms can vary between individuals and may come and go over time. Common symptoms include:
- Persistent joint pain and tenderness
- Swelling and warmth around affected joints
- Stiffness, particularly in the morning or after rest
- Fatigue and a lack of energy
- High temperature
- Reduced appetite
- Unintended weight loss.
